Define osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is accurately defined as a condition characterized by weakened bones and an increased risk of fractures due to loss of bone mass. This condition primarily affects the density and quality of bone tissue, making bones more fragile and susceptible to breaks even from minor falls or injuries.

The pathophysiology involves an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation, leading to a decrease in bone density over time. It is often asymptomatic until fractures occur, which can significantly impact an individual’s quality of life. Factors contributing to osteoporosis include aging, hormonal changes (particularly in postmenopausal women), nutritional deficiencies (such as calcium and vitamin D), and lifestyle factors such as inactivity, smoking, or excessive alcohol consumption.

Understanding osteoporosis is crucial for prevention and management strategies, which may include lifestyle modifications, medications, and nutritional support to maintain bone strength and reduce fracture risk.