What condition is characterized by decreased bone density and structural integrity?

Osteoporosis is the condition characterized by decreased bone density and compromised structural integrity. This condition results in bones becoming fragile and more susceptible to fractures, even with minimal impact. The underlying cause is often a combination of factors, including aging, hormonal changes (such as decreased estrogen in postmenopausal women), nutritional deficiencies (especially calcium and vitamin D), and a lack of weight-bearing exercise.

In osteoporosis, the process of bone resorption (the breakdown of bone tissue) outpaces bone formation, leading to an overall reduction in bone mass. This can be diagnosed through methods such as a bone density scan, allowing for early intervention to prevent severe fractures.

In contrast, other conditions mentioned, such as osteoarthritis, primarily involve joint degeneration and inflammation rather than directly affecting bone density. Rhabdomyolysis involves muscle breakdown, not bone density, and epicondylopathy is related to tendon issues around the elbow. Understanding these distinctions clarifies why osteoporosis is the condition that directly aligns with decreased bone density and structural integrity.