What is rheumatoid arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints. In this condition, the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the synovium, the lining of the membranes that surround the joints. This immune response leads to inflammation, which can cause pain, swelling, stiffness, and can ultimately result in joint damage and deformities if left untreated.

The autoimmune nature of rheumatoid arthritis distinguishes it from other forms of arthritis, such as osteoarthritis, which is primarily degenerative and involves wear and tear on the joints. Moreover, rheumatoid arthritis can have systemic effects, impacting other organs and tissues beyond just the joints, further emphasizing its chronic inflammatory nature.

In contrast, conditions like gout are linked to high uric acid levels, and overuse injuries typically refer to repetitive strain rather than an autoimmune process. Thus, recognizing rheumatoid arthritis as an autoimmune disorder helps to understand its complex pathophysiology and the appropriate treatment approaches, which may include immunosuppressive therapy to manage the symptoms and inhibit further joint damage.