What is the primary function of the calcaneus?

The primary function of the calcaneus, commonly known as the heel bone, is to provide support and stability for the foot while walking. This bone forms the posterior part of the foot and is critical for maintaining balance and distributing body weight during movement. Its robust structure aids in the biomechanics of walking and running, allowing for effective push-off and weight transfer from the heel to the forefoot.

The calcaneus also serves as an attachment point for ligaments and tendons, which are important for overall foot function. While shock absorption is indeed a role associated with the calcaneus due to its position and structure, its main contribution is stability and support. The other options—even though they mention functions that involve the calcaneus—do not encapsulate its primary role as effectively as providing support and stability.